What is the primary cause of mid-air collisions?

Pilot error is often the primary cause of mid-air collisions, particularly due to the factors that contribute to the decision-making and situational awareness of pilots during flight. This includes misjudgment of distance, inability to properly scan for other aircraft, distraction, or failure to adhere to air traffic control instructions. Pilots operate in a complex environment where constant vigilance and adherence to procedures are crucial for safe operation.

Many mid-air collisions occur when pilots do not adequately communicate their intentions or fail to follow established protocols, leading to a lack of coordination between different aircraft. Human factors, such as fatigue, miscommunication, or underestimating the speed of nearby aircraft, play a significant role in these incidents. While other factors like visibility, mechanical failure, and weather conditions can contribute to accidents, pilot error has consistently been identified as a leading cause in aviation safety reports. Understanding the human element in aviation safety is key to preventing collisions in shared airspace.